iOS开发-手势

UIGestureRecognizer 用于检测和处理手势的抽象基类。提供了检测用户手势的基本功能,如点按、滑动、捏合、旋转等。通过使用 UIGestureRecognizer 子类,可以为视图添加手势识别功能,增强用户交互体验。

常见的 UIGestureRecognizer 子类

一些常见的手势识别器子类:

  1. UITapGestureRecognizer:检测点按手势。
  2. UIPinchGestureRecognizer:检测捏合(缩放)手势。
  3. UIRotationGestureRecognizer:检测旋转手势。
  4. UISwipeGestureRecognizer:检测滑动手势。
  5. UIPanGestureRecognizer:检测平移(拖动)手势。
  6. UILongPressGestureRecognizer:检测长按手势。

使用 UIGestureRecognizer

添加手势识别器

  1. 创建手势识别器
  2. 配置手势识别器
  3. 将手势识别器添加到视图
#import "ViewController.h"

@interface ViewController ()

@end

@implementation ViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    
    self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
    
    UIView *gestureView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(50, 100, 300, 400)];
    gestureView.backgroundColor = [UIColor lightGrayColor];
    [self.view addSubview:gestureView];
    
    // 添加点按手势识别器
    UITapGestureRecognizer *tapGesture = [[UITapGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(handleTap:)];
    [gestureView addGestureRecognizer:tapGesture];
    
    // 添加捏合手势识别器
    UIPinchGestureRecognizer *pinchGesture = [[UIPinchGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(handlePinch:)];
    [gestureView addGestureRecognizer:pinchGesture];
    
    // 添加旋转手势识别器
    UIRotationGestureRecognizer *rotationGesture = [[UIRotationGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(handleRotation:)];
    [gestureView addGestureRecognizer:rotationGesture];
    
    // 添加滑动手势识别器
    UISwipeGestureRecognizer *swipeGesture = [[UISwipeGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(handleSwipe:)];
    swipeGesture.direction = UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionRight; // 设置滑动方向
    [gestureView addGestureRecognizer:swipeGesture];
    
    // 添加平移手势识别器
    UIPanGestureRecognizer *panGesture = [[UIPanGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(handlePan:)];
    [gestureView addGestureRecognizer:panGesture];
    
    // 添加长按手势识别器
    UILongPressGestureRecognizer *longPressGesture = [[UILongPressGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(handleLongPress:)];
    [gestureView addGestureRecognizer:longPressGesture];
}

// 点按手势处理方法
- (void)handleTap:(UITapGestureRecognizer *)gesture {
    NSLog(@"Tap detected");
}

// 捏合手势处理方法
- (void)handlePinch:(UIPinchGestureRecognizer *)gesture {
    if (gesture.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateChanged) {
        gesture.view.transform = CGAffineTransformScale(gesture.view.transform, gesture.scale, gesture.scale);
        gesture.scale = 1.0;
    }
}

// 旋转手势处理方法
- (void)handleRotation:(UIRotationGestureRecognizer *)gesture {
    if (gesture.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateChanged) {
        gesture.view.transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(gesture.view.transform, gesture.rotation);
        gesture.rotation = 0.0;
    }
}

// 滑动手势处理方法
- (void)handleSwipe:(UISwipeGestureRecognizer *)gesture {
    NSLog(@"Swipe detected");
}

// 平移手势处理方法
- (void)handlePan:(UIPanGestureRecognizer *)gesture {
    CGPoint translation = [gesture translationInView:gesture.view];
    gesture.view.center = CGPointMake(gesture.view.center.x + translation.x, gesture.view.center.y + translation.y);
    [gesture setTranslation:CGPointZero inView:gesture.view];
}

// 长按手势处理方法
- (void)handleLongPress:(UILongPressGestureRecognizer *)gesture {
    if (gesture.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateBegan) {
        NSLog(@"Long press detected");
    }
}

@end

手势识别器的属性和方法

  • 属性

    • enabled:一个布尔值,指示手势识别器是否启用。
    • state:手势识别器的当前状态(例如 UIGestureRecognizerStatePossibleUIGestureRecognizerStateBegan 等)。
    • view:手势识别器附加的视图。
    • cancelsTouchesInView:一个布尔值,指示手势识别器是否阻止触摸事件传递到视图。
  • 方法

    • - (void)addTarget:(id)target action:(SEL)action;:添加目标和动作。
    • - (void)removeTarget:(id)target action:(SEL)action;:移除目标和动作。
    • - (void)requireGestureRecognizerToFail:(UIGestureRecognizer *)otherGestureRecognizer;:要求另一个手势识别器失败,才能识别当前手势。

手势识别器的状态

手势识别器的状态(UIGestureRecognizerState)有以下几种:

  • UIGestureRecognizerStatePossible:手势识别器没有识别到手势,但可能会在未来识别到。
  • UIGestureRecognizerStateBegan:手势识别器识别到手势开始。
  • UIGestureRecognizerStateChanged:手势识别器识别到手势发生变化。
  • UIGestureRecognizerStateEnded:手势识别器识别到手势结束。
  • UIGestureRecognizerStateCancelled:手势识别器识别到手势被取消。
  • UIGestureRecognizerStateFailed:手势识别器识别到手势失败。

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